Abstract
Introduction
Immunotherapy has been determined as an important choice in breast carcinomas, especially
in tumors with markedly inflammatory response. About this promising subject, tumor-infiltrating
lymphocytes (TIL) and the expression of immune control point receptors on TIL have
gained importance.
Materials and Methods
In this study, stromal TIL and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) were determined
in tumor tissues of 312 invasive and 68 in situ breast cancer patients. Expression
rates of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 on intratumoral and stromal TIL were immunohistochemically
evaluated.
Results
In invasive breast carcinomas, stromal TIL was found to be significantly associated
with lymph node metastasis, HR and HER2 expression, and basal-like phenotype, as the
presence of TLS with neoadjuvant therapy, recurrence, death, and expression of HR
and HER2. PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 expressions were found to be associated with HR and
HER2 status, stromal TIL rates, and TLS. In multivariate analysis, high stromal TIL
and PD-1 expression in intratumoral TIL were found to be independent prognostic factors
in terms of overall survival and disease-free survival.
Conclusion
Evaluation of TIL and immune control point receptor expressions in breast cancer is
particularly important in terms of planning the therapeutic approaches based on immunotherapy
protocols.
Keywords
Abbreviations:
TIL (Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes), TLS (Tertiary Lymphoid Structures)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 19, 2022
Accepted:
August 14,
2022
Received in revised form:
August 3,
2022
Received:
February 14,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
